Diabetic neuropathy occurs in 60 to 70 percent of diabetics. It is caused by nerve damage brought about by diabetes complications, and may result in diabetic neuropathic pain. Although studies are currently underway to understand more, there are various conditions that may contribute to this ailment. Untreated diabetes is a leading contributor, as this is the cause of high blood glucose and abnormal fat levels, and low levels of insulin. Genetics may play a role, as does smoking and excessive use of alcohol. It may also be caused by blood vessel damage that affects flow oxygen and nutrient-rich blood to the nerves.
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain and Other Symptoms
Diabetic neuropathic pain may be accompanied by other symptoms such as tingling, or numbness in the legs, feet, toes, arms, hands, and fingers. There may be gastrointestinal problems like nausea and vomiting, constipation or diarrhea. One may get dizzy or faint due to low blood pressure, generally when sitting up or standing, and there can be a general weakness, or urination difficulty. It is peripheral neuropathy which can cause sharp diabetic neuropathic pain, and it typically affects the feet and legs first. The term “peripheral” relates to the peripheral nervous system, where information passes between the brain and spinal cord to all parts of your body. Sensory information is sent back, such as when your hands or feet are cold or injured. This is a very important system, so when nerve damage affects these communications, this is when these symptoms occur.
The Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy and Neuropathic Pain
In treating diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain, a doctor will often prescribe a particular medication. Some people may benefit from the medicine; others may not, or may need a combination of treatment methods. The drugs used include certain antidepressants (used to relieve pain, not depression), anticonvulsants, or opiods such as oxycodone – all of which may have side effects. Your doctor might also suggest capsaicin cream or lidocaine patches. Alternative treatments such as physical therapy acupuncture, and biofeedback may help as well. Newer procedures – electrical nerve stimulation, and laser, light, or magnetic therapy – are being looked at for their effectiveness. Proper foot care is an important part of treating diabetic neuropathic pain. This should involve daily cleaning and careful inspection for any damage, wearing sensible shoes or slippers at all times, and regular doctor visits.
For a diabetic, neuropathic pain is a real concern, and the best form of treatment, of course, is prevention. The key is to regularly monitor your blood glucose level, and to keep it both low and consistently within the correct range. It is very possible to do this with a healthy diet, daily exercise, diabetes medicine or insulin when necessary, and a sensible lifestyle.
